LCAs within the building sector are mainly used to compare different choices of shape, design, or material at a single building level. This development of buildings towards increasingly complicated products coupled with relatively long product service lives makes LCA a prominent part of the environmental evaluation of buildings. Increasing regulatory requirements on the energy performance of buildings have taken the building design to ever more sophisticated levels where additional materials and technologies are used to reduce the energy consumed in operating the building and in providing for the needs of the users. When moving up to the city level, the impacts are more substantial: an estimated 70% of greenhouse gas emissions and over 66% of global electricity use emanate from urban activities. According to UNEP’s Sustainable Buildings and Climate Initiative, buildings account for 40% of global energy use, 38% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and 40% of the solid waste streams in developed countries. In terms of the scale of this resource use and environmental degradation, the contributions of buildings, and the built environment to global totals are significant. Since the oil crises in the 1970s, a significant concern within building design and operation has been to limit the need for operational energy and hence the demand for oil-based heating and electricity.
^ v1.2 uses v1.By: Morteza Nikravan, Water & Environment Specialist, EDGE Expert
#OPENLCA USER MANUAL MANUAL#
More information on these indicators is available in the User Manual for the SMM Prioritization Tools. § ACID = Acid Rain, CCDD = Commercial Construction and Demolition Debris, CMSW = Commercial Municipal Solid Waste, CRHW = Commercial RCRA Hazardous Waste, ENRG = Energy Use, ETOX =įreshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity, EUTR = Eutrophication, GHG = Greenhouse Gases, HAPS = Hazardous Air Pollutants, HCAN = Human Health - Cancer, HNCN = Human Health - Noncancer, HRSP = Human Health - Respiratory Effects, HTOX = Human Health Toxicity, JOBS = Jobs Supported, LAND = Land Use, METL = Metals, MNRL = Minerals and Metals Use, NNRG = Nonrenewable Energy Use, OZON = Ozone Depletion, PEST = Pesticides, RNRG = Renewable Energy Use, SMOG = Smog Formation, VADD = Value Added, WATR = Water Use. * Commodity (goods and services) or industry See indicators in elementary flows and indicators Model VersionsĪCID, CCDD, CMSW, CRHW, ENRG, ETOX, EUTR, GHG, HAPS, HCAN, HNCN, HRSP, HTOX, JOBS, LAND, MNRL, NNRG, OZON, PEST, RNRG, SMOG, VADD, WATRĪCID, CCDD, CMSW, CRHW, ENRG, ETOX, EUTR, GHG, HAPS, HCAN, HNCN, HRSP, HTOX, JOBS, LAND, METL, MNRL, NNRG, OZON, PEST, RNRG, SMOG, VADD, WATR Other presentations, papers and reports about USEEIO are available in the EPA Science Inventory. Journal of cleaner production, 158, 308-318. USEEIO: A new and transparent United States environmentally-extended input-output model. USEEIO: a New and Transparent United States Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Model Citation The primary documentation is available as a manuscript:
#OPENLCA USER MANUAL HOW TO#
How to connect to the USEEIO API- USEEIO API documentation- USEEIO API source code Documentation Model results and components are available for dynamic use in applications via the USEEIO API.
The model source code is the USEEIO Modeling Framework .
#OPENLCA USER MANUAL SOFTWARE#
Availabilityĭata products (Excel) and an LCA software compatible version are available on . USEEIO is one form of a life cycle assessment model. These tables are paired with environmental data on resource use and releases of pollutants from various public sources in the form of satellite tables, as well as indicators of potential environmental and economic impact, using standard algorithms from input-output analysis. The models use data on inputs to and outputs from industries and their final consumption and value added in the form of input-output tables from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. US Environmentally-Extended Input-Output (USEEIO) models are combined economic-environmental models. Technical Considerations, Current Versions, and Other Resources